Human Resources Professionals plan, organize, direct, control and evaluate the operations of human resources and personnel departments, and develop and implement policies, programs and procedures regarding human resource planning, recruitment, collective bargaining, training and development, occupation classification and pay and benefit administration. They represent management and participate actively on various joint committees to maintain ongoing relations between management and employees. Human Resources Professionals are employed throughout the private and public sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Continuous Learning, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Reading Text, Writing

Managers in this unit group plan, organize, direct, control and evaluate the operations of establishments that provide services to business, and ensure the quality of those services and client satisfaction. They work in such fields as management consulting, market research, personnel services, payroll services, advertising services and security services. This "Small Business Owner-Operator" profile was developed as part of an occupational standard. It relates to a range of NOC groups including, in particular, "Other Business Services Managers", "Retail Trade Managers", "Restaurant and Food Service Managers", "Accommodation Service Managers", and "Residential Home Builders and Renovators". The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Finding Information, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Significant Use of Memory, Working with Others

Retail trade managers plan, organize, direct, control and evaluate the operations of establishments that sell merchandise or services on a retail basis. Retail trade managers are employed by retail sales establishments or they may own and operate their own store. This "Small Business Owner-Operator" profile was developed as part of an occupational standard. It relates to a range of NOC groups including, in particular, "Other Business Services Managers", "Retail Trade Managers", "Restaurant and Food Service Managers", "Accommodation Service Managers", and "Residential Home Builders and Renovators" . The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Finding Information, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Significant Use of Memory, Working with Others

This profile was developed as part of an occupational standard. The NOC group to which it relates is "Retail Trade Managers" Retail trade managers plan, organize, direct and control the operations of establishments that sell merchandise or services on a retail basis. Retail trade managers are employed by retail sales establishments or they may own and operate their own store. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Decision Making, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Restaurant and food service managers plan, organize, direct, control and evaluate the operations of restaurants, bars, cafeterias and other food and beverage services. They are employed in food and beverage service establishments, or they may be self-employed. This "Small Business Owner-Operator" profile was developed as part of an occupational standard. It relates to a range of NOC groups including, in particular, "Other Business Services Managers", "Retail Trade Managers", "Restaurant and Food Service Managers", "Accommodation Service Managers", and "Residential Home Builders and Renovators" . The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Finding Information, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Significant Use of Memory, Working with Others

Accommodation service managers plan, organize, direct, control and evaluate the operations of an accommodation establishment or of a department within such an establishment. They are employed by hotels, motels, resorts, student residences and other accommodation establishments, or they may be self-employed. This "Small Business Owner-Operator" profile was developed as part of an occupational standard. It relates to a range of NOC groups including, in particular, "Other Business Services Managers", "Retail Trade Managers", "Restaurant and Food Service Managers", "Accommodation Service Managers", and "Residential Home Builders and Renovators" . The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Finding Information, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Significant Use of Memory, Working with Others

This profile was developed as part of an occupational standard. The NOC group to which it relates is "Accommodations Service Managers" Accommodation service managers plan, organize, direct and control the operations of an accommodation establishment or of a department within such an establishment. They are employed by hotels, motels, resorts, student residences and other accommodation establishments or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting, Writing

Residential home builders own, operate and manage companies engaged in the construction of new and existing residential homes. This "Small Business Owner-Operator" profile was developed as part of an occupational standard. It relates to a range of NOC groups including, in particular, "Other Business Services Managers", "Retail Trade Managers", "Restaurant and Food Service Managers", "Accommodation Service Managers", and "Residential Home Builders and Renovators" . The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Finding Information, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Significant Use of Memory, Working with Others

Residential home builders own, operate and manage companies engaged in the construction of new residential homes. Residential home renovators own, operate and manage companies engaged in the renovation of residential homes. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

This profile was developed as part of an occupational standard. The NOC group to which it relates is "Facility Operation Managers" Facility operation managers plan, organize, direct and control the operations of commercial, transportation and recreational facilities. Facility operation managers are employed by a wide range of establishments, such as airports, harbours, canals, shopping centres, convention centres, warehouses and recreation facilities. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Finding Information, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Significant Use of Memory, Working with Others

Financial auditors examine and analyze the accounting and financial records of individuals and establishments to ensure accuracy and compliance with established accounting standards and procedures. Accountants plan, organize and administer accounting systems for individuals and establishments. Articling students in accounting firms are included in this unit group. Financial auditors and accountants are employed by auditing and accounting firms throughout the private and public sectors, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Document Use, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

This unit group includes professional occupations in finance not elsewhere classified such as financial planners, financial examiners and inspectors, financial investigators, financial underwriters, mortgage brokers and trust officers. They are employed by banks, trust companies, investment firms and governments, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Specialists in human resources develop, implement and evaluate human resources and labour relations policies, programs and procedures and advise managers and employers on personnel matters. Specialists in human resources are employed throughout the private and public sectors, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Continuous Learning, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Reading Text, Writing

This unit group includes those who provide services to management such as analyzing the operations, managerial methods or functions of an organization in order to propose, plan and implement improvements, or analyzing advertising needs and developing appropriate advertising plans. They are employed by management consulting firms, advertising agencies and throughout the public and private sectors or are self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Writing.

Executive assistants coordinate administrative procedures, public relations activities and research and analysis functions for members of legislative assemblies, ministers, deputy ministers, corporate officials and executives, committees and boards of directors. They are employed by governments, corporations and associations. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Oral Communication, Writing.

Personnel and recruitment officers identify and advertise job vacancies, recruit candidates, and assist in the selection and reassignment of employees. They are employed throughout the private and public sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Reading Text.

Property administrators perform administrative duties and co-ordinate activities related to the management and rental of investment property and real estate on behalf of property owners. They are employed by property and real estate management companies, property development companies and by government. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving.

Conference and event planners plan, organize and co-ordinate conferences, conventions, meetings, seminars, exhibitions, trade shows, festivals and other events. They are employed by tourism associations, trade and professional associations, convention and conference centres, governments and by conference and event planning companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Finding Information, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Significant Use of Memory, Working with Others

This unit group includes government officers who administer and enforce laws and regulations related to immigration, employment insurance, customs and tax revenue. They are employed by government agencies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Reading Text.

Bookkeepers maintain complete sets of books, keep records of accounts, verify the procedures used for recording financial transactions, and provide personal bookkeeping services. They are employed throughout the private and public sectors, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Data Analysis, Document Use, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Loan officers examine, evaluate and process credit and loan applications. They are employed by banks, trust companies, credit unions and similar financial institutions. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Critical Thinking, Oral Communication.

Customs brokers clear goods through customs and to their destination on behalf of importer and exporter clients. Ship brokers buy and sell cargo space on ships and buy and sell ships, yachts and other watercraft on behalf of clients. This unit group also includes other brokers, not elsewhere classified, who negotiate commercial transactions or other services between parties on behalf of clients. They are employed by customs, ship or other brokerage establishments or may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Secretaries perform a variety of administrative duties in support of managerial and professional employers. They are employed throughout the private and public sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Document Use, Oral Communication.

Legal secretaries perform a variety of secretarial and administrative duties in law offices, legal departments of large firms, real estate companies, land title offices, municipal, provincial and federal courts and government. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Oral Communication, Reading Text.

Medical secretaries perform a variety of secretarial and administrative duties in doctors'' offices, hospitals, medical clinics and other medical settings. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Document Use, Oral Communication.

Court recorders record and transcribe verbatim the proceedings of courts, legislative assemblies and committees, and prepare dictated reports, correspondence and statistics that require knowledge of legal terminology. They are employed by courts of law, provincial and federal legislative assemblies and committees, or they may be self-employed. Medical transcriptionists record and transcribe surgical proceedings, medical records and other reports requiring knowledge of medical terminology. They are employed by hospitals, medical clinics and doctors' offices, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Finding Information, Oral Communication, Writing.

General office clerks type and file correspondence, reports, statements and other material, operate office equipment, answer telephones and perform clerical duties of a general nature according to established procedures. They are employed in offices throughout the public and private sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Records management clerks process, code, store and retrieve records and documents and apply retention and disposal schedules according to established policies and procedures. File clerks file papers, records, documents and other material according to subject matter or other filing system. Records and file clerks are employed throughout the private and public sectors. This unit group also includes health records technicians, who maintain systems for the collection, storage, retrieval and retention of health information. Health records technicians are employed by hospitals, clinics and other health care institutions. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Reading Text

Receptionists and switchboard operators greet people arriving at offices, hospitals and other establishments, direct visitors to appropriate person or service, answer and forward telephone calls, take messages, schedule appointments and perform other clerical duties. They are employed by hospitals, medical and dental offices and in other offices throughout the public and private sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication

Data entry clerks type at keyboards and data entry consoles to input coded, statistical and other information onto diskettes, disks or tapes for storage. They are employed in offices and computer centres throughout the private and public sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Document Use

Desktop publishing operators use computers to enter copy into a typesetting system or operate typesetting output equipment to produce text that is ready to print. They are employed by firms that specialize in typesetting, commercial printing companies, newspapers, magazines and in various establishments in the public and private sectors that have in-house printing departments. This unit group also includes markup persons and pre-flight operators. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Oral Communication, Reading Text

Telephone operators operate computerized or conventional telephone systems to advance and assist the completion of telephone calls. Telephone service operators assist, monitor and train telephone operators in the performance of their duties. They are employed by telephone companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Document Use, Oral Communication

This unit group includes clerks who calculate, prepare and process bills, invoices, accounts payable and receivable, budgets and other routine financial records according to established procedures. They are employed throughout the private and public sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Payroll clerks collect, verify and process payroll information and determine pay and benefit entitlements for employees within a department, company or other establishment. They are employed by payroll administration companies and by establishments throughout the private and public sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Money Math, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Customer service representatives in this unit group process customers' financial transactions and provide information on related banking products and services. They are employed by banks, trust companies, credit unions and similar financial institutions. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Money Math, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting, Working with Others

Banking, insurance and other financial clerks compile, process and maintain banking, insurance and other financial information. They are employed by banks, credit companies, private and public insurance establishments, investment firms and other financial establishments throughout the private and public sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Money Math, Oral Communication

Collectors collect payments on overdue accounts and bad cheques and locate debtors to make collection arrangements. They are employed by collection agencies, utility companies, department stores, loan companies, banks and credit unions, and by financial and licensing departments within governments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Money Math, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Writing

Administrative clerks compile, verify, record and process forms and documents, such as applications, licences, permits, contracts, registrations and requisitions, in accordance with established procedures, guidelines and schedules. They are employed throughout the private and public sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication

Personnel clerks assist personnel officers and human resources specialists and compile, maintain and process information relating to staffing, recruitment, training, labour relations, performance evaluations and classifications. They are employed in personnel departments throughout the public and private sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Reading Text

This unit group includes those who perform support functions in courts of law, such as calling court to order, preparing court dockets and maintaining exhibits. Court clerks are employed by federal and provincial courts. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Reading Text

Library clerks issue and receive library materials, sort and shelve books and provide general library information to users. They also perform clerical functions such as filing, typing and word processing. Library clerks are employed by libraries or other establishments with library services. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Reading Text

Clerks in this unit group, write routine correspondence, proofread material for accuracy, compile material for publication and perform other related clerical duties. They are employed by newspapers, periodicals, publishing firms and by establishments throughout the private and public sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Oral Communication, Reading Text, Writing

This unit group includes clerks who answer enquiries and provide information regarding an establishment's goods, services and policies and who provide customer services such as receiving payments and processing requests for services. They are employed by retail establishments, insurance, telephone and utility companies and by other establishments throughout the private and public sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication

Survey interviewers contact individuals to gather information for market research, public opinion polls or election and census enumeration. Statistical clerks code and compile interview and other data into reports, lists, directories and other documents. Workers in this unit group are employed by market research and polling firms, government departments and agencies, utility companies and other establishments. This unit group also includes clerks who observe and record information on traffic flow and who take utility meter readings. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Oral Communication, Reading Text

This unit group includes clerks who process and sort mail and parcels in post offices, mail processing plants and internal mail rooms, and clerks who serve customers and record transactions at sales counters and postal wickets. Mail, postal and related clerks are employed by Canada Post Corporation, courier and parcel express services and establishments throughout the public and private sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Working with Others

Letter carriers sort and deliver mail, record delivery of registered mail and collect money for cash-on-delivery parcels. Letter carriers are employed by Canada Post Corporation. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication

Couriers, messengers and door-to-door distributors pick up and deliver letters, parcels, packages, newspapers, flyers and other items within and between establishments. They are employed by courier service companies and other establishments throughout the private and public sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication

Shippers and receivers ship, receive and record the movement of parts, supplies, materials, equipment and stock to and from an establishment. They are employed by retail and wholesale establishments, manufacturing companies, and other commercial and industrial establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication

Storekeepers and parts clerks sort, store and issue parts and supplies for use by the establishment in which they work and for sale to the public. They are employed by manufacturing companies, retail and wholesale establishments, mining, forestry and construction companies, repair shops, hospitals and other establishments and the armed forces. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Oral Communication, Reading Text

Partspersons perform ordering, warehousing, inventory control and sales of parts. Their duties also include identifying parts and equipment, searching for parts, shipping and receiving parts, providing customer service and advice and maintaining records. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Document Use, Oral Communication.

Production clerks co-ordinate and expedite the flow of work and materials within an establishment, prepare work and production schedules and monitor the progress of production and construction projects. Production clerks are employed by manufacturing and construction companies, printing and publishing companies and other industrial establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Purchasing and inventory clerks process purchasing transactions and maintain inventories of materials, equipment and stock. They are employed by retail and wholesale establishments, manufacturing companies, government agencies and other establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Dispatchers operate radios and other telecommunication equipment to dispatch emergency vehicles and to co-ordinate the activities of drivers and other personnel. They are employed by police, fire and health departments, other emergency service agencies, taxi, delivery and courier companies and other commercial and industrial establishments. Radio operators receive, transmit and record signals and messages using radios and other telecommunication equipment. They are employed by transportation companies, mining, forestry and other industrial establishments, and by the armed forces. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Transportation route and crew schedulers prepare operational and crew schedules for transportation equipment and operating personnel. They are employed by municipal transit commissions, truck, delivery and courier services, railways, airlines and by other transportation establishments in both the private and public sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Problem Solving

Agricultural representatives, consultants and specialists provide assistance and advice to farmers on all aspects of farm management, cultivation, fertilization, harvesting, soil erosion and composition, disease prevention, nutrition, crop rotation and marketing. They are employed by businesses, institutions and governments that assist the farming community or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Reading Text.

Mechanical engineers research, design and develop machinery and systems for heating, ventilating and air conditioning, power generation, transportation, processing and manufacturing. They also perform duties related to the evaluation, installation, operation and maintenance of mechanical systems. Mechanical engineers are employed by consulting firms, by power-generating utilities and in a wide range of manufacturing, processing and transportation industries or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Electrical and electronics engineers design, plan, research, evaluate and test electrical and electronic equipment and systems. They are employed by electrical utilities, communications companies, manufacturers of electrical and electronic equipment, consulting firms, and by a wide range of manufacturing, processing and transportation industries and government. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Chemical engineers research, design, and develop chemical processes and equipment, oversee the operation and maintenance of industrial chemical, plastics, pharmaceutical, resource, pulp, and food processing plants and perform duties related to chemical quality control, environmental protection and biochemical or biotechnical engineering. Chemical engineers are employed in a wide range of manufacturing and processing industries, consulting firms, government, research and educational institutions. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Industrial and manufacturing engineers conduct studies, and develop and supervise programs to achieve the best use of equipment, human resources, technology, materials and procedures to enhance efficiency and productivity. Industrial and manufacturing engineers are employed in consulting firms, manufacturing and processing companies, and in government, financial, health care and other institutions, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Writing.

Metallurgical and materials engineers conduct studies of the properties and characteristics of metals and other non-metallic materials and plan, design and develop machinery and processes to concentrate, extract, refine and process metals, alloys and other materials such as ceramics, semiconductors and composite materials. Metallurgical and materials engineers are employed in consulting engineering firms, mining, metal processing and manufacturing companies, and in government, research and educational institutions. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Geological engineers conduct geological and geotechnical studies to assess suitability of locations for civil engineering, mining and oil and gas projects and plan, design, develop and supervise programs of geological data acquisition and analysis and the preparation of geological engineering reports and recommendations. Geological engineers are employed in consulting engineering companies, electrical utilities, mining and petroleum companies and in government and research and educational institutions. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Petroleum engineers conduct studies for the exploration, development and extraction of oil and gas deposits; and plan, design, develop and supervise projects for the drilling, completion, testing and re-working of oil and gas wells. They are employed by petroleum producing companies, consulting companies, well logging or testing companies, in government, and research and educational institutions. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Critical Thinking, Document Use.

Aerospace engineers research, design and develop aerospace vehicles, aerospace systems and their components, and perform duties related to their testing, evaluation, installation, operation and maintenance. Aerospace engineers are employed by aircraft and spacecraft manufacturers, air transport carriers, and in government and educational and research institutions. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Landscape architects conceptualize landscape designs, develop contract documents and oversee the construction of landscape development for commercial projects, office complexes, parks, golf courses and residential development. They are employed by government environmental and development agencies, landscape consulting firms and by architectural and engineering firms, or they are self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Critical Thinking, Document Use, Oral Communication, Problem Solving.

Urban and land use planners develop plans and recommend policies for managing land use, physical facilities and associated services for urban and rural areas and remote regions. They are employed by all levels of government, land developers, engineering and other consulting companies or may work as private consultants. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Writing.

Land surveyors plan, direct and conduct legal surveys to establish the location of real property boundaries, contours and other natural or human-made features, and prepare and maintain cross-sectional drawings, official plans, records and documents pertaining to these surveys. They are employed by federal, provincial and municipal governments, private sector land surveying establishments, real estate development, natural resource, engineering and construction firms, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Decision Making, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Mathematicians and statisticians research mathematical or statistical theories, and develop and apply mathematical or statistical techniques, for solving problems in such fields as science, engineering, business and social science. Actuaries apply mathematics, statistics, probability and risk theory to assess potential financial impacts of future events. Mathematicians, statisticians and actuaries are employed by universities, governments, bank and trust companies, insurance companies, pension benefit consulting firms, professional associations and science and engineering consulting firms. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting, Writing.

Information systems analysts and consultants conduct research, develop and implement information systems development plans, policies and procedures and provide advice on a wide range of information systems issues. They are employed in information technology consulting firms and in information technology units throughout the private and public sectors, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Critical Thinking, Document Use.

Database analysts design, develop and administer data management solutions using database management software. Data administrators develop and implement data administration policy, standards and models. They are employed in information technology consulting firms and in information technology units throughout the private and public sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Continuous Learning, Finding Information.

Computer programmers write, modify, integrate and test computer code for microcomputer and mainframe software applications, data processing applications, operating systems-level software and communications software. They are employed in computer software development firms, information technology consulting firms and in information technology units throughout the private and public sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Continuous Learning, Problem Solving.

Web designers and developers research, design, develop and produce Internet and intranet sites. They are employed in computer software development firms, information technology consulting firms and in information technology units throughout the private and public sectors, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Decision Making, Oral Communication.

Meteorological technicians observe weather and atmospheric conditions, record and interpret meteorological data, transmit and report on recorded information, and provide meteorological information and advice to the general public, the transportation industry and the media. They are employed by the Atmospheric Environment Service of Environment Canada and by the armed forces, private consulting companies, resource and utility companies and by provincial governments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Biological technologists and technicians provide technical support and services to scientists, engineers and other professionals working in fields such as agriculture, resource management, environmental protection, plant and animal biology, microbiology, cell and molecular biology and health sciences, or may work independently in these fields. They are employed in laboratory and field settings by governments, manufacturers of food products, chemicals and pharmaceuticals, biotechnology companies, health, research and educational institutions, environmental consulting companies and resource and utilities companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting, Working with Others.

Agricultural and fish products inspectors inspect agricultural and fish products for conformity to prescribed production, storage and transportation standards. They are employed by government departments and agencies and by private sector food processing companies. Supervisors of agricultural and fish products inspectors are also included in this group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Reading Text, Writing.

Forestry technologists and technicians may work independently or perform technical and supervisory functions in support of forestry research, forest management, forest harvesting, forest resource conservation and environmental protection. They are employed by the forest industry sector, provincial and federal governments, consulting firms, and other industries and institutions or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Document Use, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Landscape and Horticultural Technicians and Specialists include those who survey and assess landscapes; draw sketches and build models of landscape designs; construct and maintain gardens, parks, golf courses and other landscaped environments; advise clients on issues related to horticulture; breed, cultivate and study plants; and treat injured and diseased trees and plants. They are employed by landscape designers and contractors, lawn service and tree care establishments, golf courses, nurseries and greenhouses, municipal, provincial and national parks, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Working with Others.

Civil engineering technologists and technicians provide technical support and services to scientists, engineers and other professionals, or may work independently in fields such as structural engineering, municipal engineering, construction design and supervision, highways and transportation engineering, water resources engineering, geotechnical engineering and environmental protection. They are employed by consulting engineering and construction companies, public works, transportation and other government departments and in many other industries. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Mechanical engineering technologists and technicians provide technical support and services or may work independently in mechanical engineering fields such as the design, development, maintenance and testing of machines, components, tools, heating and ventilating systems, power generation and power conversion plants, manufacturing plants and equipment. They are employed by consulting engineering, manufacturing and processing companies, institutions and government departments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

This profile was developed as part of an occupational standard. The NOC group to which it relates is "Industrial Engineering and Manufacturing Technologists and Technicians". Industrial engineering and manufacturing technologists and technicians may work independently or provide technical support and services in the development of production methods, facilities and systems, and the planning, estimating, measuring and scheduling of work. They are employed by manufacturing and insurance companies, government departments and in other industries. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting, Working with Others, Writing

This profile was developed as part of an occupational standard. The NOC group to which it relates is "Industrial Engineering and Manufacturing Technologists and Technicians". Industrial engineering and manufacturing technologists and technicians may work independently or provide technical support and services in the development of production methods, facilities and systems, and the planning, estimating, measuring and scheduling of work. They are employed by manufacturing and insurance companies, government departments and in other industries. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Problem Solving, Reading Text

Industrial engineering and manufacturing technologists and technicians may work independently or provide technical support and services in the development of production methods, facilities and systems, and planning, estimating, measuring, and scheduling of work. They are employed by manufacturing and insurance companies, government departments and other industries. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Construction estimators analyze costs of and prepare estimates on civil engineering, architectural, structural, electrical and mechanical construction projects. They are employed by residential, commercial and industrial construction companies and major electrical, mechanical and trade contractors, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Decision Making, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Electronic service technicians service and repair household and business electronic equipment such as audio and visual systems, computers and peripherals, office equipment and other consumer electronic equipment and assemblies. They are employed by electronic service and retail establishments, by wholesale distributors and within service departments of electronic manufacturing companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Document Use, Reading Text.

Industrial instrument mechanics repair, maintain, calibrate, adjust and install industrial measuring and controlling instrumentation. They are employed by pulp and paper processing companies, nuclear and hydro power generating companies, mining, petrochemical and natural gas companies, industrial instrument and other manufacturing companies, and by industrial instrument servicing establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Decision Making, Document Use, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Working with Others

This unit group includes mechanics and technicians who install, adjust, repair and overhaul aircraft instruments, electrical and avionics systems on aircraft. This unit group also includes avionics inspectors who inspect instrument, electrical and avionic systems following assembly, modification, repair or overhaul. Workers in this unit group are employed by aircraft manufacturing, maintenance, repair and overhaul establishments and by airlines, the armed forces and other aircraft operators. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Architectural technologists and technicians may work independently or provide technical assistance to professional architects and civil design engineers in conducting research, preparing drawings, architectural models, specifications and contracts and in supervising construction projects. Architectural technologists and technicians are employed by architectural and construction firms, and governments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Drafting technologists and technicians prepare engineering designs, drawings and related technical information, in multidisciplinary engineering teams or in support of engineers, architects or industrial designers, or they may work independently. They are employed by consulting and construction companies, utility, resource and manufacturing companies, all levels of government and by a wide range of other establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Decision Making, Document Use.

Land survey technicians and technologists conduct or participate in surveys to determine the exact locations and relative positions of natural features and other structures on the earth's surface, underground and underwater. They are employed by all levels of government, architectural and engineering firms, and by private sector surveying establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Decision Making, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Mapping and related technologists and technicians gather, analyze, interpret and use geospatial information for applications in natural resources, geology, environment and land use planning. This unit group includes technologists and technicians who design and prepare maps, interpret aerial photographs, operate interpretative and airborne remote sensing equipment, and develop and operate geographical information systems. They are employed by all levels of government, the armed forces, utilities, mapping, computer software, forestry, architectural, engineering and consulting firms and other related establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Non-destructive testers and inspectors operate radiographic, ultrasonic, liquid penetrant, magnetic particle, eddy current and similar testing equipment to detect discontinuities in objects of various compositions and materials. They are employed by quality control, maintenance and safety departments of manufacturing, processing, transportation, energy and other companies and by private industrial inspection establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Document Use, Working with Others.

Engineering inspectors and regulatory officers inspect transportation vehicles such as aircraft, watercraft, automobiles and trucks and weighing and measuring devices such as scales and meters as well as industrial instruments, processes and equipment for conformity to government and industry standards and regulations. They are employed by government agencies and the private sector. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Decision Making, Document Use, Reading Text.

Construction inspectors inspect the construction and maintenance of new and existing buildings, bridges, highways and industrial construction to ensure that specifications and building codes are observed and monitor work site safety. They are employed by federal, provincial and municipal governments, construction companies, architectural and civil engineering consulting firms or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Document Use, Oral Communication.

Pilots fly fixed wing aircraft and helicopters to provide air transportation and other services. Flight engineers (second officers) monitor the functioning of aircraft during flight and may assist in flying aircraft. Flying instructors teach flying techniques and procedures to student and licensed pilots. Air pilots, flight engineers and flight instructors are employed by airline and air freight companies, flying schools, the armed forces and by other public and private sector aircraft operators. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Working with Others.

Air traffic controllers direct air traffic within assigned airspace, and control moving aircraft and service vehicles at airports. Flight dispatchers authorize airline flights over assigned routes. Flight service specialists provide pilots with flight information essential to aviation safety. Air traffic controllers and flight service specialists are employed by NAV Canada and the armed forces. Flight dispatchers are employed by airline and air services companies and by the armed forces. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Decision Making, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Engineer officers, water transport, operate and maintain main engines, machinery and auxiliary equipment aboard ships and other self-propelled vessels and supervise and co-ordinate the activities of engine room crews. They are employed by marine transportation companies and federal government departments including the armed forces. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Document Use, Working with Others.

Railway traffic controllers co-ordinate passenger and freight train traffic on railways. They are employed by rail transport companies. Marine traffic regulators monitor and regulate coastal and inland marine traffic within assigned waterways. They are employed by port, harbour, canal and lock authorities and by the Canadian Coast Guard. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Document Use, Oral Communication.

Dentists diagnose, treat, prevent and control disorders of the teeth and mouth. They work in private practice or may be employed in hospitals, clinics, public health facilities or universities. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Continuous Learning, Critical Thinking, Oral Communication.

Veterinarians prevent, diagnose and treat diseases and disorders in animals and advise clients on the feeding, hygiene, housing and general care of animals. Veterinarians work in private practice or may be employed by animal clinics and laboratories, government or industry. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Optometrists examine eyes, prescribe and fit eyeglasses and contact lenses and recommend treatments such as exercises to correct vision problems or ocular disorders. They work in private practice, clinics and community health centres. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Document Use, Oral Communication.

Chiropractors diagnose and treat patients' neuromuscular-skeletal disorders of the spine and other body joints by adjusting the spinal column or through other corrective manipulation. Chiropractors are usually in private practice or in clinics with other health practitioners. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Decision Making, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

This unit group includes health professionals who diagnose and treat the diseases and injuries of patients and who are not elsewhere classified. This includes doctors of podiatric medicine, chiropodists and podiatrists, naturopaths, orthoptists and osteopaths. They work in private practices, clinics and hospitals. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Continuous Learning, Critical Thinking, Oral Communication.

Community pharmacists and hospital pharmacists compound and dispense prescribed pharmaceuticals and provide consultative services to both clients and health care providers. They are employed in community and hospital pharmacies, or they may be self-employed. Industrial pharmacists participate in the research, development, promotion and manufacture of pharmaceutical products. They are employed in pharmaceutical companies and government departments and agencies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Continuous Learning, Critical Thinking, Oral Communication.

Dietitians and nutritionists plan, implement and oversee nutrition and food service programs. They are employed in a variety of settings including hospitals, extended care facilities, public health centres, the food and beverage industry, the pharmaceutical industry, educational institutions, sports organizations and government, or may work as private consultants. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Audiologists and speech-language pathologists diagnose, evaluate and treat human communication disorders including hearing, speech, language and voice disorders. Audiologists and speech-language pathologists are employed in hospitals, community and public health centres, extended care facilities, day clinics, rehabilitation centres and educational institutions, or may work in private practice. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Writing.

Physiotherapists assess patients and plan and carry out individually designed treatment programs to maintain, improve or restore physical functioning, alleviate pain and prevent physical dysfunction in patients. Physiotherapists are employed in hospitals, clinics, industry, sports organizations, rehabilitation centres and extended care facilities, or they may work in private practice. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Document Use, Oral Communication.

Occupational therapists develop individual and group programs with people affected by illness, injury, developmental disorders, emotional or psychological problems and ageing to maintain, restore or increase their ability to care for themselves and to engage in work, school or leisure. They also develop and implement health promotion programs with individuals, community groups and employers. They are employed in health care facilities, schools, and by private and social services agencies, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Working with Others.

This unit group includes specialized therapists not elsewhere classified who use techniques such as art, athletic, dance, music or recreational therapy or remedial gymnastics to aid in the treatment of mental and physical disabilities. They are employed by establishments such as hospitals, rehabilitation centres, clinics, recreational centres, nursing homes, educational institutions, prisons and day-care facilities or may work in private practice. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Decision Making, Reading Text.

Head nurses and supervisors supervise and co-ordinate the activities of registered nurses, licensed practical nurses and other nursing personnel in the provision of patient care. They are employed in health care institutions such as hospitals, clinics and nursing homes and in nursing agencies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Decision Making, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

This unit group includes registered nurses, registered psychiatric nurses and graduates of a nursing program who are awaiting registration (graduate nurses). They provide direct nursing care to patients, deliver health education programs and provide consultative services regarding issues relevant to the practice of nursing. They are employed in a variety of settings including hospitals, nursing homes, extended care facilities, rehabilitation centres, doctors' offices, clinics, community agencies, companies and private homes, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication, Problem Solving.

Medical laboratory technologists conduct medical laboratory tests, experiments and analyses to assist in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease. They are employed in medical laboratories in hospitals, private clinics, research institutions and universities. Pathologists' assistants assist at autopsies and examinations of surgical specimens or perform autopsies under a pathologist's supervision. They are usually employed in hospitals. Medical laboratory technologists who are also supervisors are included in this unit group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting, Working with Others.

Medical laboratory technicians conduct routine medical laboratory tests and set up, clean and maintain medical laboratory equipment. They are employed in medical laboratories in hospitals, clinics, research institutes and universities and in government research laboratories. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Document Use, Oral Communication.

Veterinary and animal health technologists and technicians provide technical support to veterinarians by caring for animals and assisting in the diagnosis and treatment of animal health disorders. They are employed in veterinary clinics, animal hospitals, animal shelters, zoos, animal research laboratories, government and pharmaceutical companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Respiratory therapists assist physicians in the diagnosis, treatment and care of patients with respiratory and cardiopulmonary disorders. They are employed in hospitals, medical clinics, health units, extended care facilities, public health centres and respiratory home care companies Supervisors and instructors of respiratory therapists, clinical perfusionists and cardiopulmonary technologists are included in this unit group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Decision Making, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

This unit group includes technologists who operate radiographic and radiation therapy equipment to administer radiation treatment and produce images of body structures for the diagnosis and treatment of injury and disease. They are employed in hospitals, cancer treatment centres, clinics and radiological laboratories. Medical radiation technologists who are supervisors or instructors are included in this unit group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Working with Others.

This unit group includes other diagnostic technologists not elsewhere classified who operate electroencephalographic and other diagnostic equipment to assist physicians in diagnosing diseases, injuries and abnormalities. Electroencephalographic and other diagnostic technologists who are supervisors or instructors are included in this unit group. They are employed in clinics, hospitals and medical laboratories. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Working with Others.

This unit group includes medical technologists and technicians not elsewhere classified, such as dietary technicians, ocularists, prosthetists, orthotists, prosthetic technicians and orthotic technicians. Dietary technicians are employed in health care and commercial food service establishments such as hospitals, extended care facilities, nursing homes, schools, cafeterias and fast food outlets. Ocularists are employed in custom ocular prosthetic laboratories, or they may be self-employed. Prosthetists, orthotists and prosthetic and orthotic technicians are employed in hospitals, clinics, prosthetics and orthotics laboratories, and prosthetic device manufacturing companies. Prosthetists and orthotists may also be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Document Use, Oral Communication.

Denturists examine patients and design, construct and repair removable dentures. Most denturists work in private practice. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Document Use, Oral Communication.

Dental hygienists provide dental hygiene treatment and information related to the prevention of diseases and disorders of the teeth and mouth. They are employed in dentists' offices, hospitals, clinics, educational institutions, government agencies and private industry. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Decision Making, Oral Communication.

Dental technologists and technicians design, prepare and fabricate dentures and dental devices as prescribed by dentists and other specialists. Dental laboratory bench workers assist dental technologists and technicians in preparing and fabricating dentures and other dental devices. They are employed in dental laboratories. Supervisors of dental technologists and technicians are also included in this unit group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Document Use, Job Task Planning and Organizing.

Midwives provide full-course care to women and their babies during pregnancy, labour, birth and the post-natal period. They are employed in hospitals, birthing centres and private practice. Practitioners of natural healing provide alternative forms of health care to patients. They are employed by clinics, health clubs, spas or health food stores, or they may work in private practice. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Licensed practical nurses provide nursing care usually under the direction of medical practitioners, registered nurses or other health team members. They are employed in hospitals, nursing homes, extended care facilities, rehabilitation centres, doctors' offices, clinics, companies, private homes and community health centres. Operating room technicians are included in this unit group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Working with Others.

This unit group includes workers who administer pre-hospital emergency care to patients and transport them to hospitals or other medical facilities for further medical care. They are employed by private ambulance services, hospitals, fire departments, government departments and agencies, manufacturing firms, mining companies and other private sector establishments. Four job titles are included in this Essential Skills Profile: Emergency Medical Responder (EMR); Primary Care Paramedic (PCP); Advanced Care Paramedic (ACP); and Critical Care Paramedic (CCP). The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

This unit group includes workers, not elsewhere classified, who perform various technical therapy and assessment functions. Some may assist professionals such as audiologists, speech-language pathologists, ophthalmologists and physiotherapists. They are employed in hospitals, clinics, extended care facilities, rehabilitation centres and educational institutions and in the private practices of the professionals they assist. Massage therapists may also be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Working with Others.

Dental assistants assist dentists during the examination and treatment of patients and perform clerical functions. Most dental assistants work in dentists' offices. Others are employed by government or in educational institutions. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication

Nurse aides, orderlies and patient service associates assist nurses, hospital staff and physicians in the basic care of patients. They are employed in hospitals, nursing homes and other health care institutions. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication, Working with Others

This unit group includes workers who provide services and assistance to health care professionals and other health care staff. They are employed in hospitals, clinics, offices of health care professionals, nursing homes, optical retail stores and laboratories, pharmacies and medical pathology laboratories. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Working with Others

Workers in other assisting occupations in support of health services perform a variety of support functions to assist health care professionals and other health care staff. They are employed in hospitals, medical clinics and offices of health care professionals such as chiropractors, occupational therapists and physiotherapists. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Working with Others.

This unit group includes instructors who teach applied arts, academic, technical and vocational subjects to students at community colleges, CEGEPs, agricultural colleges, technical and vocational institutes, language schools and other college level schools. This unit group also includes trainers who are employed by private training establishments, companies, community agencies and governments to deliver internal training or development courses. College teachers who are heads of departments are included in this group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Writing.

Secondary school teachers prepare and teach academic, technical, vocational or specialized subjects at public and private secondary schools. Secondary school teachers who are heads of departments and high school librarians are included in this group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Reading Text.

Elementary school and kindergarten teachers teach basic subjects such as reading, writing and arithmetic or specialized subjects such as English or French as a second language at public and private elementary schools. Elementary school librarians are included in this unit group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Working with Others.

Educational counsellors advise current and prospective students on educational issues, career planning and personal development and co-ordinate the provision of counselling services to students, parents, teachers, faculty and staff. They are employed by school boards, universities and colleges, technical institutes, correctional facilities and government agencies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Working with Others.

Social workers help individuals, couples, families, groups, communities and organizations develop the skills and resources they need to enhance social functioning and provide counselling, therapy and referral to other supportive social services. Social workers also respond to other social needs such as unemployment, racism and poverty. They are employed by hospitals, school boards, social service agencies, child welfare organizations, correctional facilities, community agencies, employee assistance programs and Aboriginal band councils, or they may work in private practice. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Problem Solving.

Family, marriage and other related counsellors assist individuals and groups of clients to identify, understand and overcome personal problems and achieve personal objectives. They are employed by counselling centres, social service agencies, group homes, government agencies, family therapy centres, and health care and rehabilitation facilities, or they may work in private practice. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Writing.

Probation officers monitor the conduct and behaviour of criminal offenders serving probation terms. Parole officers monitor the reintegration of criminal offenders serving the remainder of sentences while conditionally released into the community on parole. Classification officers assess inmates and develop rehabilitation programs for criminal offenders who are incarcerated in correctional facilities. They are employed by federal and provincial governments and work in the community and in correctional facilities. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Reading Text.

Small business counsellors offer advice to individuals and groups who are seeking to start up, expand or refocus a small business. They offer services relating to developing and monitoring business plans, including the dimensions of marketing, sales and financing. They are employed by governmental or community organizations or are self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Writing

Legal assistants and paralegals prepare legal documents, maintain records and files and conduct research to assist lawyers or other professionals. Notaries public administer oaths, take affidavits, sign legal documents and perform other activities according to the limitations of their appointment. Trademark agents advise clients on intellectual property matters. Independent paralegals provide legal services to the public as allowed by government legislation, or provide paralegal services on contract to law firms or other establishments. Legal assistants and paralegals are employed by law firms, by record search companies and in legal departments throughout the public and private sectors. Independent paralegals are usually self-employed. Trademark agents are employed by law firms and legal departments throughout the public and private sectors, trademark development and search firms or they may be self-employed. Notaries public are employed by government and in the public and private sectors or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Reading Text.

Community and social service workers administer and implement a variety of social assistance programs and community services, and assist clients to deal with personal and social problems. They are employed by social service and government agencies, mental health agencies, group homes, school boards, correctional facilities and other establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Document Use, Oral Communication.

Employment counsellors provide assistance, counsel and information to worker clients on all aspects of employment search and career planning. They also provide counsel and information to employer clients regarding human resource and employment issues. Employment counsellors are employed primarily by federal and provincial governments but are also employed by large establishments and private employment service agencies. Supervisors of employment counsellors are included in this unit group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Finding Information, Oral Communication.

Early childhood educator assistants supervise pre-school children in day-care centres and nursery schools, and under the supervision of an early childhood educator, they lead children in activities to stimulate and develop their intellectual, physical and emotional growth. They are employed in day-care centres and nursery schools. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Working with Others

Early childhood educators plan and organize activities for pre-school and school age children. Early childhood educator assistants provide care and guidance to pre-school children under the supervision of early childhood educators. Early childhood educators and assistants lead children in activities to stimulate and develop their intellectual, physical and emotional growth. They are employed in child-care centres, kindergartens, nursery schools, agencies for exceptional children, and other environments where early childhood education services are provided, or they may be self-employed. Early childhood educators who are supervisors are included in this group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Working with Others.

Instructors and teachers of persons with disabilities teach children and adults with physical and developmental disabilities communication techniques, such as Braille or sign language, and rehabilitation skills to increase independence and mobility. They are employed in rehabilitation centres, specialized educational institutes and throughout the elementary and secondary school system. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Working with Others.

Instructors in this unit group teach courses, such as motor vehicle or motorcycle driving, sewing or other courses, which are outside of educational institutions and not job-related. They are employed by driving schools, fabric retailers and other commercial establishments or they may be self-employed. This unit group also includes driver's licence examiners, who are employed by provincial governments, and tutors who provide instruction in elementary or secondary school subjects. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Problem Solving.

Librarians select, develop, organize and maintain library collections and provide advisory services for users. They are employed in libraries or in a department within a library. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Decision Making, Oral Communication.

Archivists manage, process, store and disseminate information contained in an organization's archives. They acquire, store and research textual material, pictures, maps, architectural documents, electronic materials, films and videos, sound recordings and multimedia materials. Archivists are employed in archives, in the public and para-public sectors and in private sector organizations. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Reading Text.

Authors and writers plan, research and write books, scripts, storyboards, plays, essays, speeches, manuals, specifications and other non-journalistic articles for publication or presentation. They are employed by advertising agencies, governments, large corporations, private consulting firms, publishing firms, multimedia/new-media companies and other establishments, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Reading Text, Writing.

Editors review, evaluate and edit manuscripts, articles, news reports and other material for publication and broadcast and co-ordinate the activities of writers, journalists and other staff. They are employed by publishing firms, magazines, journals, newspapers, radio and television networks and stations, and by companies and government departments that produce publications such as newsletters, handbooks, manuals and Web sites. Editors may also work on a freelance basis. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Reading Text, Writing.

Journalists research, investigate, interpret and communicate news and public affairs through newspapers, television, radio and other media. Journalists are employed by radio and television networks and stations, newspapers and magazines. Journalists may also work on a freelance basis. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Writing.

This unit group includes specialists in public relations and communications who develop and implement communication and promotion strategies and information programs, publicize activities and events, and maintain media relations on behalf of businesses, governments and other organizations, and for performers, athletes, writers and other talented individuals. They are employed by consulting firms, corporations, associations, government, social agencies, museums, galleries, public interest groups, and cultural and other organizations, or they may be self-employed. Agents such as entertainment, literary and sports agents are included in this unit group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Writing.

Translators translate written material from one language to another. Interpreters translate oral communication from one language to another during speeches, meetings, conferences, debates and conversation, or in court or before administrative tribunals. Terminologists conduct research to itemize terms connected with a certain field, define them and find equivalents in another language. Sign language interpreters use sign language to translate spoken language and vice versa during meetings, conversations, television programs or in other instances. Translators, terminologists and interpreters are employed by government, private translation and interpretation agencies, in-house translation services, large private corporations, international organizations and the media, or they may be self-employed. Sign language interpreters work in schools and courts, and for social service agencies, interpretation services, government services and television stations, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Reading Text, Writing.

This unit group includes producers, directors, choreographers and others who oversee and control the technical and artistic aspects of film, television, radio, dance and theatre productions. They are employed by film production companies, radio and television stations, broadcast departments, advertising companies, sound recording studios, record production companies and dance companies. They may also be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Decision Making, Oral Communication.

Library, archive and records management technicians and assistants assist users in accessing library or archive resources, participate in records management, assist in describing new acquisitions, participate in archive processing and storage, and conduct reference searches. They are employed by libraries, archives, records management branches and other establishments with library or archive services. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Finding Information, Oral Communication, Reading Text.

This group includes workers who classify and catalogue museum and gallery artifacts, construct and install exhibits and displays, restore, maintain and store museum and gallery collections, frame artwork, conduct guided tours and perform other functions in support of curatorial and conservation activities. They are employed in museums and galleries. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Finding Information, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Significant Use of Memory, Working with Others

This profile was developed as part of an occupational standard. The NOC group to which it relates is "Graphic Arts Technicians". This unit group includes workers who produce and assemble artwork, photographs, lettering and other graphic art according to conceptual layouts and specifications, and make designs camera-ready for printing. They are employed by publishing, advertising and printing establishments, and by television and film production companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Decision Making, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Retail first level managers are responsible for maintaining the day-to-day operations which allow the delivery of products and services to customers. They provide guidance and leadership to staff in order to achieve the goals of the organization and those of the individuals within it. They work on-site and report to another level of management. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Working with Others

Food service supervisors supervise, direct and co-ordinate the activities of workers who prepare, portion and serve food. They are employed by hospitals and other health care establishments and by cafeterias, catering companies and other food service establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting, Working with Others.

Retail and wholesale buyers buy merchandise for resale by retail and wholesale establishments and are usually responsible for the merchandising operations of retail and wholesale establishments. Retail and wholesale buyers who are supervisors and those who are assistants are included in this unit group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Grain elevator operators purchase grain from farmers, determine the grade, quality and weight of grain delivered, and maintain records for farmers and companies. They are employed by licensed grain elevator companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Document Use, Oral Communication.

Cooks prepare and cook a wide variety of foods. They are employed in restaurants, hotels, hospitals and other health care institutions, central food commissaries, educational institutions and other establishments. Cooks are also employed aboard trains, ships and at construction and logging camps. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Butchers and meat cutters, retail and wholesale, prepare standard cuts of meat, poultry, fish and shellfish for sale in retail and wholesale food establishments. They are employed in supermarkets, grocery stores, butcher shops, fish stores or may be self-employed. Butchers who are supervisors or heads of departments are included in this group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Document Use, Oral Communication.

Bakers prepare breads, rolls, muffins, pies, pastries, cakes and cookies in retail and wholesale bakeries and dining establishments. They are employed in bakeries, supermarkets, catering companies, hotels, restaurants, hospitals and other institutions, or they may be self-employed. Bakers who are supervisors are included in this unit group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication, Reading Text.

Police officers protect the public, detect and prevent crime and perform other activities directed at maintaining law and order. They are employed by municipal and federal governments, some provincial and regional governments and the armed forces. This unit group includes military police and railway police. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Working with Others.

Firefighters carry out firefighting and fire prevention activities, and assist in other emergencies. They are employed by municipal, provincial and federal governments and by large industrial establishments that have internal firefighting services. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Working with Others.

Hairstylists cut and style hair and perform related services. They are employed in hairstyling or hairdressing salons, barbershops, vocational schools, healthcare establishments and theatre, film and television establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Continuous Learning, Critical Thinking, Oral Communication.

Sales representatives, wholesale trade (non-technical) sell non-technical goods and services to retail, wholesale, commercial, industrial and professional clients. They are employed by establishments that produce or provide goods and services such as petroleum companies, food, beverage and tobacco producers, clothing manufacturers, motor vehicles and parts manufacturers, hotels, business services firms and transportation companies. Sales representatives, wholesale trade who are supervisors are also included in this unit group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Decision Making, Finding Information, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Significant Use of Memory

This profile was developed as part of an occupational standard. The NOC group to which it relates is "Retail Salespersons and Sales Clerks." Retail salespersons and sales clerks sell or rent a range of goods and services in stores and other retail businesses and in wholesale businesses that sell on a retail basis to the general public. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Continuous Learning, Finding Information, Oral Communication, Working with Others

Travel counsellors advise clients on travel options and tour packages, make bookings and reservations, prepare tickets and receive payment. They are employed in travel agencies, transportation and tourism firms and hotel chains. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Finding Information, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication

Airline pursers and flight attendants ensure the safety and comfort of passengers during flights. Ship pursers attend to the safety and comfort of passengers aboard ships. Airline pursers and flight attendants are employed by airline companies. Ship pursers are employed by tour or cruise boat companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Airline sales and service agents issue tickets, make reservations, trace missing baggage, arrange for cargo shipments and perform other related customer service duties to assist airline passengers. Airline sales and service agents are employed by airline companies. Load planners, who plan the positioning of cargo on aircraft, are also included in this unit group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Ticket and cargo agents and related clerks (except airline), quote fares and rates, make reservations, issue tickets, process cargo shipment, check baggage and perform other related customer service duties to assist travellers. They are employed by bus and railway companies, steamship lines, boat cruise operators, and other public transit establishments and by travel wholesalers. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication

Hotel front desk clerks make room reservations, provide information and services to guests and receive payment for services. They are employed by hotels, motels and resorts. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

This profile was generated as part of an occupational standard. The NOC group to which it relates is "Tour and Travel Guides". Tour and travel guides escort individuals and groups on trips, on sightseeing tours of cities and on tours of historical sites and establishments such as famous buildings, manufacturing plants, cathedrals and theme parks. They also provide descriptions and background information on interesting features. Tour and travel guides are employed by tour operators, resorts and other establishments or may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skill for this occupation is: Oral Communication

This profile was generated as part of an occupational standard. The NOC group to which it relates is "Tour and Travel Guides". Tour and travel guides escort individuals and groups on trips, on sightseeing tours of cities and on tours of historical sites and establishments such as famous buildings, manufacturing plants, cathedrals and theme parks. They also provide descriptions and background information on interesting features. Tour and travel guides are employed by tour operators, resorts and other establishments or may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Working with Others

This profile was generated as part of an occupational standard. The NOC group to which it relates is "Outdoor Sport and Recreational Guides". Outdoor sport and recreational guides organize and conduct trips or expeditions for sports enthusiasts, adventurers, tourists and resort guests. They are employed by private companies and resorts or may be self- employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Working with Others

This profile was generated as part of an occupational standard. The NOC group to which it relates is "Outdoor Sport and Recreational Guide". Outdoor sport and recreational guides organize and conduct trips or expeditions for sports enthusiasts, adventurers, tourists and resort guests. They are employed by private companies and resorts or may be self- employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Gambling casino workers operate gaming tables, maintain slot machines, accept keno wagers, pay out winning bets and jackpots and collect losing bets. They are employed by gambling casinos. Supervisors of gambling casino workers are included in this unit group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Maîtres d'hôtel and hosts/hostesses greet patrons and escort them to tables, and supervise and co-ordinate the activities of food and beverage servers. They are employed in restaurants, hotel dining rooms, private clubs, cocktail lounges and similar establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Bartenders mix and serve alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages. They are employed in restaurants, hotels, bars, taverns, private clubs, banquet halls and other licensed establishments. Supervisors of bartenders are included in this unit group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Oral Communication, Significant Use of Memory

Food and beverage servers take patrons' food and beverage orders and serve orders to patrons. They are employed in restaurants, hotels, bars, taverns, private clubs, banquet halls and similar establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication

Sheriffs and bailiffs enforce court orders, serving writs and summonses and seizures of property. They are employed by the provincial courts or may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Reading Text

Correctional service officers guard prisoners and detainees and maintain order in correctional institutions and other places of detention. They are employed by federal, provincial and municipal governments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Working with Others, Writing

Officers and inspectors in this unit group enforce by-laws and regulations of provincial and municipal governments. They are employed by provincial and municipal governments and agencies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Reading Text, Writing

This unit group includes workers who conduct private investigations for clients or employers, implement security measures to protect property against theft and fire and provide other protective services not elsewhere classified. They are employed by security and investigation service companies, hotels, retail establishments, businesses and industry, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Finding Information, Oral Communication, Reading Text, Working with Others

Visiting homemakers provide ongoing or short-term home support services for individuals and families during periods of incapacitation, convalescence or family disruption. They are employed by government and non-profit agencies, home care agencies, or are self-employed. Housekeepers perform housekeeping and other home management duties in private households, embassies and other residential establishments. Companions provide elderly and convalescent clients with companionship and personal care in residential or institutional settings. They are employed by home care agencies or may be self-employed. Foster parents care for children or family members in their homes under the direction of a foster parent agency. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving

This unit group includes workers who assist elementary and secondary school teachers and counsellors. They are employed in public and private elementary and secondary schools. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Reading Text, Working with Others, Writing

Babysitters care for children on an ongoing or short-term basis. They are usually self-employed or may be employed by babysitting agencies. Nannies care for children in the employer's residence and provide for their health and physical and social development. Parent's helpers assist parent with child-care and household duties. Nannies and parent's helpers are employed by private households, where they may also reside. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Image, social and other personal consultants advise clients on their personal appearance, speaking style, manners or other behaviours in order to improve personal or business images. They are employed by beauty salons, fashion boutiques, modelling schools, image consulting companies or may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Workers in this unit group provide facial and body treatments designed to enhance an individual's physical appearance. They are employed in beauty salons, electrolysis studios, scalp treatment clinics and other similar establishments or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Pet groomers and animal care workers feed, handle, train and groom animals and assist veterinarians, animal health technologists and animal breeders. They are employed by animal hospitals and clinics, animal shelters, breeding and boarding kennels, zoos, pet grooming service companies and laboratories. The most important Essential Skill for this occupation is: Oral Communication

Cashiers record and receive payment from customers in stores, restaurants, theatres, business offices and other retail and wholesale establishments for the purchase of goods, services and admission. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Significant Use of Memory

Service station attendants employed in automotive service stations sell fuel and other automotive products and perform such services as fuelling, cleaning, lubricating and performing minor repairs to motor vehicles. Those employed in marinas sell fuel, rent boats and related equipment, and maintain marina facilities. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication

Grocery clerks and store shelf stockers pack customers' purchases, price items, stock shelves with merchandise and fill mail and telephone orders. They are employed in retail establishments, such as grocery, hardware and department stores, and in warehouses. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication

This unit group includes workers who sell goods or services during home demonstrations or by telephone soliciting, retail exhibitions or street vending. They are employed by a wide range of retail and wholesale establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication

Elemental medical and hospital assistants perform a variety of support functions to assist health care professionals and other health care staff. They are employed in hospitals, medical clinics and offices of health care professionals such as chiropractors, occupational therapists and physiotherapists. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Working with Others

This profile was generated as part of an occupational standard. The NOC group to which it relates is "Kitchen and Food Service Helpers." Workers in this unit group clear tables, clean kitchen areas, wash dishes, and perform various other activities to assist workers who prepare or serve food and beverages. They are employed in restaurants, hotels, fast food outlets, cafeterias, hospitals and other establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Security guards and related occupations guard property against theft and vandalism, control access to establishments, maintain order and enforce regulations at public events and within establishments. They are employed by private security agencies, retail stores, industrial establishments, museums and other establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Writing

Light duty cleaners clean the lobbies, hallways, offices and rooms of hotels, hospitals, schools, office buildings and private residences. They are employed by hotels, motels, hospitals, school boards, office building management companies and cleaning service companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Specialized cleaners clean and refurbish building exteriors, carpets, chimneys, industrial equipment, railway cars, ventilation systems, windows and other surfaces, using specialized equipment and techniques. They are employed by specialized cleaning services companies or may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Janitors, caretakers and building superintendents clean and maintain the interior and exterior of commercial, institutional and residential buildings and their surrounding grounds. They are employed by office and apartment building management companies, school boards, hospitals, recreational facilities, shopping malls and other establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving

This unit group includes amusement occupations such as operators of amusement rides, games and other attractions, and attendants in amusement, recreation and sports facilities who assist patrons, collect tickets and fees and supervise the use of recreational and sports equipment. They are employed by amusement parks, fairs, exhibitions, carnivals, arenas, billiard parlours, bowling alleys, golf courses, ski centres, tennis clubs and other recreational and sports facilities. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Dry cleaning and laundry machine operators operate machines to dry-clean or launder garments and household articles. Dry cleaning and laundry inspectors and assemblers check finished garments to ensure that they meet required standards for cleaning and pressing, and assemble and bag finished garments. They are employed in dry cleaning and laundry establishments and in the laundries of hotels, hospitals and similar institutions. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Working with Others

This unit group includes workers who press garments and household articles using either a hand iron or a pressing machine. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Working with Others

This unit group includes elemental occupations, not elsewhere classified, primarily concerned with the provision of services. Workers in these occupations are employed by a wide range of retail service establishments. (i.e. Ticket takers, Ushers, Parking lot attendants, Tanning salon attendants, Funeral attendants and Cloakroom attendants. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Supervisors in this unit group supervises and co-ordinate the activities of workers classified in the following unit groups: Machinists and Machining and Tooling Inspectors (7231), Tool and Die Makers (7232) and Machining Tool Operators (9511). They are employed by metal products manufacturing companies and machine shops. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

This unit group includes telecommunications and electrical trade contractors who own and operate their own businesses. This group also includes supervisors who supervise and co-ordinate the activities of workers classified in the following unit groups: Electricians (7241), Industrial Electricians (7242), Power System Electricians (7243), Electrical Power Line and Cable Workers (7244), Telecommunications Line and Cable Workers (7245), Telecommunications Installation and Repair Workers (7246) and Cable Television Service and Maintenance Technicians (7247). They are employed in a wide range of establishments; places of employment are indicated in the above unit group descriptions. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Oral Communication, Working with Others.

This unit group includes plumbing and other pipefitting trade contractors who own and operate their own businesses. This group also includes supervisors who supervise and co-ordinate the activities of workers classified in the following unit groups: Plumbers (7251), Steamfitters, Pipefitters and Sprinkler System Installers (7252) and Gas Fitters (7253). They are employed by construction companies, mechanical, plumbing and pipefitting trade contractors and maintenance departments of industrial, commercial and manufacturing establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

This unit group includes sheet metal, ironwork, welding and boilermaking trade contractors who own and operate their own businesses. This group also includes supervisors who supervise and coordinate the activities of workers classified in the following unit groups; Sheet Metal Workers (7261), Boilermakers (7262), Structural and Platework Fabricators and Fitters (7263), Ironworkers (7264), Welders and Related Machine Operators (7265) and Blacksmiths and Die Setters (7266). They are employed by structural, platework and related metal products fabrication, manufacturing and erecting companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

This unit group includes carpentry and cabinet-making trade carpenters who own and operate their own businesses. This group also includes supervisors who supervise and coordinate the activities of workers classified in the following unit groups: Carpenters (7271) and Cabinetmakers (7272). They are employed by construction companies, carpentry contractors, maintenance departments or repair companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Decision Making, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

This unit group includes heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, millwrighting and elevator installation trade contractors who own and operate their own businesses. This group also includes supervisors who supervise and co-ordinate the activities of workers classified in unit groups within the following minor groups: Machinery and Transportation Equipment Mechanics (Except Motor Vehicle) (731), Automotive Service Technicians (732) and Other Mechanics (733). They are employed in a wide range of establishments; places of employment are indicated in the unit group descriptions. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication.

Supervisors in this unit group supervise and co-ordinate the activities of workers who produce camera work and printing plates and cylinders; process film; print text and illustrations on paper, metal and other material; and bind and finish printed products. They are employed by companies that specialize in commercial printing or one of its components, such as binding or colour reproduction; in combined printing and publishing companies, such as newspapers and magazines; and in various establishments in both the public and private sectors that have in-house printing departments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

This unit group includes roofing, masonry, painting and other construction trade contractors, not elsewhere classified, who own and operate their own business. Supervisors in this unit group supervise and co-ordinate the activities of various tradespersons, installers, repairers and servicers classified in the following minor groups: Masonry and Plastering Trades (728), Other Construction Trades (729) and Other Installers, Repairers and Servicers (744). They are employed by a wide range of establishments; places of employment are indicated in the unit group descriptions. This unit group also includes prefabricated product installation and service contractors and proprietors of some repair and service establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Supervisors in this unit group supervise and co-ordinate the activities of railway and yard locomotive engineers, railway yard workers and railway labourers. They are employed by railway transport companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication, Problem Solving.

Supervisors in this unit group supervise and co-ordinate activities of truck drivers, bus drivers, delivery drivers, subway and other transit operators, chauffeurs and taxi and limousine drivers. This unit group also includes bus dispatchers who co-ordinate the activities of transit system bus drivers and subway traffic controllers who operate and monitor signal and track switch control panels. They are employed by motor transportation and ground transit companies and by urban transit systems. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Working with Others

Machinists set up and operate a variety of machine tools to cut or grind metal, plastic or other materials to make or modify parts or products with precise dimensions. They are employed by machinery, equipment, motor vehicle, automotive parts, aircraft and other metal products manufacturing companies and by machine shops. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Tool and die makers make, repair and modify custom-made, prototype or special tools, dies, jigs, fixtures and gauges using various metals, alloys and plastics which require precise dimensions. They are employed primarily in manufacturing industries such as automotive, aircraft, metal fabrication, electrical machinery and plastics, and in tool and die, mould making and machine shops. This unit group includes metal pattern makers and metal mould makers. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation.

Construction electricians in this unit group lay out, assemble, install, test, troubleshoot and repair electrical wiring, fixtures, control devices and related equipment in buildings and other structures. They are employed by electrical contractors and maintenance departments of buildings and other establishments, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Reading Text, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Industrial electricians install, maintain, test, troubleshoot and repair industrial electrical equipment and associated electrical and electronic controls. They are employed by electrical contractors and maintenance departments of factories, plants, mines, shipyards and other industrial establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Document Use, Problem Solving

Electrical power line and cable workers construct, maintain and repair overhead and underground electrical power transmission and distribution systems. They are employed by electric power generation, transmission and distribution companies, electrical contractors and public utility commissions. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Reading Text

Telecommunications installation and repair workers install, test, maintain and repair telephones, telephone switching equipment and telecommunications equipment related to transmission and processing of voice, video signals and other data over a variety of media including fibre optics, microwave, radio and satellite. They are employed by telephone and other telecommunications transmission services establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Decision Making, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Cable television service technicians install, maintain and repair cable and satellite television and Internet signal and associated equipment in homes and commercial buildings. Cable television maintenance technicians maintain and repair cable television transmission and distribution systems and associated hardware. They are employed by cable and satellite television companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Plumbers install, repair and maintain pipes, fixtures and other plumbing equipment used for water distribution and waste water disposal in residential, commercial and industrial buildings. They are employed in maintenance departments of factories, plants and similar establishments, by plumbing contractors, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Sprinkler system installers fabricate, install, test, maintain and repair water, foam, carbon dioxide and dry chemical sprinkler systems in buildings for fire protection purposes. Sprinkler system installers are employed by sprinkler system contractors, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Steamfitters and pipefitters lay out, assemble, fabricate, maintain, troubleshoot and repair piping systems carrying water, steam, chemicals and fuel in heating, cooling, lubricating and other process piping systems. Steamfitters and pipefitters are employed in maintenance departments of factories, plants and similar establishments, by pipefitting and sprinkler contractors, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting, Working with Others

Gas fitters install, inspect, repair, and maintain gas lines and gas equipment such as meters, regulators, heating units and appliances in residential, commercial and industrial establishments. They are employed by gas utility companies and gas servicing companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Document Use, Oral Communication.

Sheet metal workers fabricate, assemble, install and repair sheet metal products. They are employed by sheet metal fabrication shops, sheet metal products manufacturing companies, sheet metal work contractors and various industrial sectors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Boilermakers fabricate, assemble, erect, test, maintain and repair boilers, vessels, tanks, towers, heat exchangers, and other heavy-metal structures. They are employed in boiler fabrication, manufacturing, shipbuilding, construction, electric power generation and similar industrial establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Metal fabricators (fitters) fabricate, assemble, fit and install steel or other metal components for buildings, bridges, tanks, towers, boilers, pressure vessels and other similar structures and products. They are employed in structural steel, boiler and platework fabrication plants and by heavy machinery manufacturing and shipbuilding companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Ironworkers fabricate, erect, hoist, install, repair and service structural ironwork, precast concrete, concrete reinforcing materials, curtain walls, ornamental iron and other metals used in the construction of buildings, bridges, highways, dams and other structures and equipment. They are employed by construction ironwork contractors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication.

Welders operate welding equipment to weld ferrous and non-ferrous metals. This unit group also includes machine operators who operate previously set up production welding, brazing and soldering equipment. They are employed by companies that manufacture structural steel and platework, boilers, heavy machinery, aircraft and ships and other metal products, and by welding contractors and welding shops, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation

Welders operate welding equipment to weld ferrous and non-ferrous metals. This unit group also includes machine operators who operate previously set up production welding, brazing and soldering equipment. They are employed by companies that manufacture structural steel and platework, boilers, heavy machinery, aircraft and ships and other metal products, and by welding contractors and welding shops, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Measurement and Calculation, Problem Solving

Carpenters construct, erect, install, maintain and repair structures and components of structures made of wood, wood-substitutes and other materials. They are employed by construction companies, carpentry contractors, maintenance departments of factories, plants and other establishments, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Cabinet Makers construct and repair wooden cabinets, furniture, fixtures and related products. They are employed by furniture manufacturing or repair companies, construction companies and cabinet making contractors or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Bricklayers lay brick, concrete block, stone and other similar materials to construct or repair walls, arches, chimneys, fireplaces and other structures in accordance with blueprints and specifications. They are employed by construction companies and bricklaying contractors or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving

Concrete finishers smooth and finish freshly poured concrete, apply curing or surface treatments and install, maintain and restore various masonry structures such as foundations, floors, ceilings, sidewalks, roads, patios and high-rise buildings. They are employed by construction companies, cement and concrete contractors and manufacturers of precast concrete products. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting, Working with Others.

Tilesetters cover interior and exterior walls, floors and ceilings with ceramic, marble and quarry tile, mosaics or terrazzo. They are employed by construction companies and masonry contractors, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Problem Solving

Lathers install support framework for ceiling systems, interior and exterior walls and building partitions. They are employed by construction companies and by plastering, drywalling and lathing contractors or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Roofers install, repair or replace flat roofs and shingles, shakes or other roofing tiles on sloped roofs. Shinglers install and replace shingles, tiles and similar coverings on sloped roofs. They are employed by roofing and general contractors or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication, Problem Solving.

Glaziers cut, fit, install and replace glass and frames for glass in residential, commercial and industrial buildings, on exterior walls of buildings and other structures, furniture and other products. They are employed by construction glass installation contractors, retail service and repair shops and glass fabrication shops. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Insulators (Heat and Frost) apply insulation materials to plumbing, air-handling, heating, cooling and refrigeration systems, piping equipment and pressure vessels, and walls, floors and ceilings of buildings and other structures, to prevent or reduce the passage of heat, cold, sound or fire. They are employed by construction companies and insulation contractors, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Working with Others

Painters and decorators apply paint, wallpaper and other finishes to interior and exterior surfaces of buildings and other structures. They are employed by construction companies, painting contractors, building maintenance contractors, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Floor covering installers install carpet, wood, linoleum, vinyl and other resilient floor coverings in residential, commercial, industrial and institutional buildings. They are employed by construction companies, floor-covering contractors and carpet outlets, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Construction millwrights and industrial mechanics install, maintain, troubleshoot and repair stationary industrial machinery and mechanical equipment. Construction millwrights are employed by millwrighting contractors. Industrial mechanics are employed in manufacturing plants, utilities and other industrial establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Farm equipment mechanics repair, troubleshoot, adjust, overhaul and maintain mobile heavy-duty farm equipment. They are employed by farm equipment dealers and service establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Finding Information, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Refrigeration and air conditioning mechanics install and maintain, repair and overhaul residential central air conditioning systems, commercial and industrial refrigeration and air conditioning systems and combined heating, ventilation and cooling systems. They are employed by refrigeration and air conditioning installation contractors, various industrial settings, food wholesalers, engineering firms and retail and servicing establishments. Transport refrigeration mechanics are included in this unit group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Problem Solving, Reading Text

Railway Carmen/women inspect, troubleshoot, maintain and repair structural and mechanical components of railway freight, passenger and urban transit rail cars. They are employed by railway transport companies and urban transit systems. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Aircraft mechanics maintain, repair, overhaul, modify and test aircraft structural and mechanical and hydraulic systems. Aircraft inspectors inspect aircraft and aircraft systems following manufacture, modification, maintenance, repair or overhaul. Aircraft mechanics and aircraft inspectors are employed by aircraft manufacturing, maintenance, repair and overhaul establishments and by airlines, the armed forces and other aircraft operators. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Machine fitters fit, assemble and otherwise build heavy industrial machinery and transportation equipment, including aircraft engines. They are employed in industrial machinery and transportation equipment manufacturing industries. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Decision Making, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation.

Textile machinery mechanics and repairers install, maintain, repair, overhaul and set up textile machinery such as looms, knitting machines, spinning frames and carding machines. They are employed by textile manufacturing companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation.

Elevator constructors and mechanics assemble, install, maintain and repair freight and passenger elevators, escalators, moving walkways and other related equipment. They are employed by elevator construction and maintenance companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Continuous Learning, Critical Thinking, Document Use, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Working with Others.

Truck and transport mechanics inspect, diagnose, repair and service mechanical, structural, electrical and electronic systems and components of commercial transport trucks. They are employed by repair shops, large fleet maintenance companies, transportation and other companies which own and operate trucks. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Finding Information, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Transport Trailer Technicians inspect, diagnose, repair and service mechanical, electrical and electronic systems and components of cars, buses, and light and commercial transport trucks. They are employed by motor vehicle dealers, garages and service stations, automotive specialty shops, transportation companies and retail establishments which have automotive service shops. This unit group also includes mechanical repairers who perform major repairs and replacement of mechanical units on newly assembled motor vehicles. They are employed by motor vehicle manufacturing companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Automotive service technicians inspect, diagnose, repair and service mechanical, electrical and electronic systems and components of cars and light trucks. They are employed by motor vehicle dealers, garages and service stations, automotive specialty shops and retail establishments which have automotive service shops. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Document Use, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Automotive painters prepare body surfaces on motor vehicles, and apply paint and other coatings. They are employed by automobile dealerships, automobile body repair shops and automobile appraisal centres. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Document Use, Job Task Planning and Organizing

Oil burner mechanics install and maintain oil, coal and wood heating systems in residential and commercial buildings. They are employed by heating systems installation and service companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication, Reading Text.

Electric appliance servicers and repairers service and repair domestic electrical appliances. They are employed by repair shops, appliance service companies and repair departments of retail and wholesale establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Document Use, Oral Communication.

Mechanics in this unit group test, repair and service small gasoline and diesel-powered equipment, such as garden tractors, outboard motors, lawn mowers and other related equipment. They are employed by dealer service shops and by independent service establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Reading Text, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Stationary engineers and auxiliary equipment operators operate and maintain various types of stationary engines and auxiliary equipment to provide heat, light, power and other utility services for commercial, industrial and institutional buildings and other work sites. They are employed in industrial and manufacturing plants, hospitals, universities, government, utilities, hotels and other commercial establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Power systems operators monitor and operate switchboards and related equipment in electrical control centres to control the distribution of electrical power in transmission networks. Power station operators operate reactors, turbines, boilers, generators and other related equipment in electrical generating stations and substations. They are employed by electric power utilities and by some large manufacturing facilities. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Railway locomotive engineers operate railway locomotives to transport passengers and freight. They are employed by railway transport companies. Yard locomotive engineers operate locomotives within yards of railway, industrial or other establishments. They are employed by railway transport companies and industrial or commercial users of rail transport. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication, Reading Text.

Crane operators operate cranes or draglines to lift, move, position or place machinery, equipment and other large objects at construction or industrial sites, ports, railway yards, surface mines and other similar locations. They are employed by construction, industrial, mining, cargo handling and railway companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Decision Making, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation.

Water well drillers operate a variety of mobile well drilling rigs and equipment to drill and monitor residential, commercial and industrial water wells. They are employed by water well drilling contractors and governments, or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Decision Making, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Printing press operators set up and operate sheet and web-fed presses to print illustrations, designs and text on paper, plastic, sheet metal and other material. They are employed by commercial printing companies; newspapers, magazines, and other publishing companies and establishments in the public and private sectors that have in-house printing departments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Decision Making, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Commercial divers perform underwater activities related to construction, inspection, search, salvage, repair and photography. They are employed by commercial diving contractors, shipping and marine construction companies, and oil and gas companies with offshore operations. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication, Working with Others.

Recreation vehicle service technicians repair or replace electrical wiring, plumbing, propane gas lines, appliances, windows, doors, cabinets and structural frames in recreational vehicles. They are employed by dealers and independent service shops. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Truck drivers operate heavy trucks to transport goods and materials over urban, interurban, provincial and international routes. They are employed by transportation companies, manufacturing and distribution companies, moving companies or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Problem Solving

This unit group includes workers who drive buses and operate streetcars, subway trains and light rail transit vehicles to transport passengers on established routes. Bus drivers are employed by municipal governments and private transportation companies. Streetcar, subway and light rail transit operators are employed by municipal governments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving

This profile was developed as part of an occupational standard. The NOC group to which it relates is "Taxi and Limousine Drivers and Chauffeurs." Taxi and limousine drivers drive automobiles and limousines to transport passengers. Chauffeurs drive automobiles and limousines to transport personnel and visitors of businesses, government or other organizations or members of private households. Taxi and limousine drivers are employed by taxi and other transportation service companies or may be self-employed. Chauffeurs are employed by businesses, government and other organizations or by private individuals or families. The most important Essential Skill for this occupation is: Oral Communication

Delivery drivers drive automobiles, vans and light trucks to pick up and deliver various products. They are employed by dairies, drug stores, newspapers, take-out food stores, dry cleaners, mobile caterers and many other establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication

Heavy equipment operators operate heavy equipment used in the construction and maintenance of roads, bridges, airports, gas and oil pipelines, tunnels, buildings and other structures; in surface mining and quarrying activities; and in material handling work. They are employed by construction companies, heavy equipment contractors, public works departments and pipeline, logging, cargo-handling and other companies. Heavy equipment operator apprentices are included in this unit group. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving, Working with Others

This unit group includes workers who operate vehicles and equipment to maintain streets, highways and sewer systems and operate garbage trucks to remove garbage and refuse. They are employed by municipal, provincial and federal public works departments and by private contractors under contract with government public works departments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Railway yard workers regulate yard traffic, couple and uncouple trains and perform related yard activities. They are employed by railway transport companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Railway track maintenance workers operate machines and equipment to lay, maintain and repair railway tracks. They are employed by railway transport companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Working with Others

Workers in this unit group stand watch, operate and maintain deck equipment and perform other deck and bridge duties aboard ships or self-propelled vessels under the direction of deck officers. They are employed by marine transportation companies and federal government departments including the armed forces. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Working with Others

Workers in this unit group assist ship engineer officers to operate, maintain and repair engines, machinery and auxiliary equipment aboard ships or self-propelled vessels. They are employed by marine transportation companies and federal government departments including the armed forces. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Problem Solving, Significant Use of Memory

This unit group includes workers who operate lock gates, bridges and similar equipment along canal systems, workers who operate cable ferries and ferry terminal workers. They are employed by the federal government, cable ferry companies and in ferry terminals. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication, Working with Others

Boat operators operate small boats or crafts to transport passengers or freight, sort and transport logs or perform other duties. They are employed by marine companies that provide sightseeing tours or water taxi services and by canal, port and harbour authorities and logging companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication

Air transport ramp attendants operate ramp-servicing vehicles and equipment, handle cargo and passenger baggage and perform other ground support duties at airports. They are employed by airline and air services companies and the federal government. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Document Use, Oral Communication, Working with Others

Workers in this unit group install and service a wide variety of interior and exterior prefabricated products such as windows, doors, electrical appliances, water heaters, fences, play structures and septic systems, at residential or commercial properties. They are employed by companies specializing in specific product installation and service. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

This profile was developed as part of an occupational standard. The NOC group to which it relates is "Residential and Commercial Installers and Servicers". Workers in this unit group install and service a wide variety of interior and exterior prefabricated products such as windows, doors, electrical appliances, water heaters, fences, play structures and septic systems, at residential or commercial properties. They are employed by companies specializing in specific product installation and service. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving

Waterworks maintenance workers maintain and repair waterworks equipment and facilities. They are employed in water filtration and distribution plants and waste treatment plants. Gas maintenance workers check and perform routine maintenance and minor repairs to exterior and underground gas mains and distribution lines. They are employed by gas distribution companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving

Workers in this group install replacement automotive parts such as mufflers, exhaust pipes, shock absorbers, springs and radiators and perform routine maintenance service such as oil changes, lubrication and tire repairs on automobiles, trucks and heavy equipment. They are employed by automobile and truck service and repair shops, service departments of industrial establishments and construction, mining and logging companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving

Pest controllers and fumigators inspect buildings and outside areas for pest infestation and spray chemical treatments to kill noxious and destructive insects, rodents and other pests or set cage traps to capture and remove animals. They are employed by pest control companies or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Reading Text

This unit group includes workers, not elsewhere classified, who repair and service a wide variety of products, such as cameras, scales, musical instruments, coin machines, vending machines, sporting goods and other miscellaneous products and equipment. They are employed by products specialty repair shops and service establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Problem Solving, Reading Text

Longshore workers transfer cargo throughout dock area and onto and from ships and other vessels. They are employed by marine cargo handling companies, shipping agencies and shipping lines. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Working with Others

This unit group includes workers who handle, move, load and unload materials by hand or by using a variety of material handling equipment. They are employed by transportation, storage and moving companies, and by a variety of manufacturing and processing companies and retail and wholesale warehouses. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Significant Use of Memory

Construction trades helpers and labourers assist skilled trades persons and perform labouring activities at construction sites. They are employed by construction companies and trade and labour contractors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Significant Use of Memory, Working with Others

This unit group includes trade helpers and labourers, not elsewhere classified, who assist skilled tradespersons and perform labouring activities in the installation, maintenance and repair of industrial machinery, refrigeration, heating and air conditioning equipment, in the maintenance and repair of transportation and heavy equipment, in the installation and repair of telecommunication and power cables and in other repair and service work settings. They are employed by a wide variety of manufacturing, utility and service companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Significant Use of Memory, Working with Others

Public works and maintenance labourers perform a variety of labouring activities to maintain sidewalks, streets, roads and similar areas. They are employed by municipal, provincial and federal government public works departments or by private contractors under contract to governments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication

Railway and motor transport labourers perform a variety of tasks to assist track maintenance workers and railway yard workers, or motor transport operators. They are employed by railway transport companies and motor transport companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication

Supervisors in this unit group supervise and co-ordinate the activities of workers engaged in logging operations and silvicultural operations. They are employed by logging companies, contractors and government agencies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Supervisors in this unit group supervise and co-ordinate activities of workers engaged in underground and surface mining operations and quarries. They are employed by coal, metal and non-metallic mineral mines and quarries. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Document Use, Oral Communication.

Landscaping and grounds maintenance contractors and managers plan, organize, direct and control the operations of landscaping, interior plantscaping, lawn care and tree service departments and establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Aquaculture operators and managers manage operations of facilities which cultivate and harvest fish, shellfish or marine plants for replenishment of wildlife stocks or for commercial sale. They are employed by public or private fish hatcheries and commercial aquatic farms or they may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Critical Thinking, Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Fishing vessel skippers and fishermen/women operate fishing vessels to pursue and land fish and other marine life. They are usually self-employed owner-operators of fishing vessels. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Problem Solving.

Underground mine service and support workers perform a range of duties related to the operation of orepasses, chutes and conveyor systems, the construction and support of underground structures, passages and roadways, and the supply of materials and supplies to support underground mining. They are employed by coal, metal and non-metallic mineral mines. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Working with Others

Oil and gas well drilling workers operate drilling and service rig machinery as intermediate members of the rig crew. Oil and gas well services operators drive trucks and operate specialized hydraulic pumping systems to place cement in wells or to treat wells with chemicals, sand mixtures or gases to stimulate production. Workers in this unit group are employed by drilling and well service contractors and by petroleum producing companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Measurement and Calculation, Oral Communication, Working with Others

Chainsaw and skidder operators operate chain saws to fell, delimb and buck trees, and operate skidders to move or yard the felled trees from the logging site to the landing area for processing and transportation. They are employed by logging companies and contractors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Working with Others

Silviculture and forestry workers perform a variety of duties related to reforestation and to the management, improvement and conservation of forest lands. They are employed by logging companies, contractors and government services. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Problem Solving

General farm workers plant, cultivate and harvest crops, raise livestock and poultry and maintain and repair farm equipment and buildings. This group includes operators of farm machinery. General farm workers are employed on crop, livestock, fruit, vegetable and specialty farms. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Problem Solving

Nursery and greenhouse workers plant, cultivate and harvest trees, shrubs, flowers and plants, and serve nursery and greenhouse customers. They are employed in indoor and outdoor nurseries and greenhouses. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Fishing vessel deckhands perform a variety of manual tasks on commercial fishing voyages, and maintain fishing vessels. They are employed by establishments that operate commercial fishing vessels and by self-employed fishermen/women. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Finding Information, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Significant Use of Memory, Working with Others

Trappers and hunters trap and hunt wild animals for pelts or live sale. They are usually self-employed and work on a seasonal basis. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Harvesting labourers assist other farm workers to harvest, sort and pack crops. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Reading Text

Landscaping and grounds maintenance labourers perform manual work to assist in the construction of a landscape and related structures and to maintain lawns, gardens, athletic fields, golf courses, cemeteries, parks, landscaped interiors and other landscaped areas. They are employed by landscaping and lawn care companies, golf courses, cemeteries, and by landscaping departments of governments and private establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Reading Text

This occupational group includes aquaculture support workers, marine plant gatherers, shellfish diggers and other labourers in aquaculture and fishing. Aquaculture support workers are employed by public or private fish hatcheries and commercial aquatic farms. Marine plant gatherers and shellfish harvesters may be self-employed. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Reading Text

Mine labourers carry out a variety of general labouring duties to assist in the extraction of coal, minerals and ore, and in other services in support of underground mining. They are employed by coal, metal and non-metallic mineral mines. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Reading Text

Labourers in this unit group carry out a variety of general labouring duties and operate equipment to assist in the drilling and servicing of oil and gas wells. This unit group also includes labourers who assist in geophysical prospecting for oil and gas. They are employed by drilling and well servicing contractors and by petroleum producing companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Reading Text

Logging and forestry labourers perform a variety of manual tasks such as attaching choker cables to logs, planting trees, clearing brush, spraying chemicals, cleaning up landing areas and assisting other workers in woodlands operations. They are employed by logging companies and contractors. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Reading Text

Supervisors, mineral and metal processing, supervise and co-ordinate the activities of workers in the following groups: Central Control and Process Operators, Mineral and Metal Processing (9231), Machine Operators and Related Workers in Metal and Mineral Products Processing (941) and Labourers in Mineral and Metal Processing (9611). They are employed in mineral ore and metal processing plants such as copper, lead and zinc refineries, uranium processing plants, steel mills, aluminum plants, precious metal refineries, cement processing plants, clay, glass and stone processing plants and foundries. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication.

Supervisors in this unit group supervise and coordinate the activities of workers in the following unit groups: Petroleum, Gas and Chemical Process Operators (9232), Chemical Plant Machine Operators (9421), Labourers in Chemical Products Processing and Utilities (9613), Water and Waste Plant Operators (9424), Stationary Engineers and Auxiliary Equipment Operators (7351) and Power Systems and Power Station Operators (7352). They are employed by petroleum and natural gas processing, pipeline and petrochemical companies, chemical and pharmaceutical companies, water and waste treatment utilities and in a range of other industries and institutions. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Document Use, Oral Communication, Problem Solving.

Supervisors in this occupational group supervise and co-ordinate the activities of workers who operate processing machines, and who package or grade fish and fish products. They are employed in fish processing plants and seafood processing establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Working with Others

Supervisors in this unit group supervise and co-ordinate the activities of workers in the following groups: Pulping Control Operators (9233), Papermaking and Coating Control Operators (9234), Labourers in Wood, Pulp and Paper Processing (9614), and Machine Operators and Related Workers in Pulp and Paper Production and Wood Processing (943). They are employed by pulp and paper companies, paper converting companies, sawmills, planing mills, wood treatment plants, waferboard plants and other wood processing companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Decision Making, Measurement and Calculation, Money Math, Numerical Estimation, Oral Communication, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting.

Supervisors in this unit group supervise and coordinate the activities of workers in motor vehicle production departments. They are employed in plants which manufacture automobiles, vans and light trucks. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Oral Communication, Problem Solving.

Supervisors in this unit group supervise and co-ordinate the activities of workers who manufacture furniture and fixtures made of wood or other materials. They are employed in furniture and fixtures manufacturing establishments. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Job Task Planning and Organizing, Oral Communication.

Supervisors in this unit group supervise and co-ordinate the activities of workers in the following unit groups: Sewing Machine Operators (9451), Fabric, Fur and Leather Cutters (9452), Hide and Pelt Processing Workers (9453) and Inspectors and Testers, Fabric, Fur and Leather Products Manufacturing (9454). They are employed by clothing and textile manufacturers, tanneries and other manufacturers of fabric products. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Oral Communication, Reading Text

Workers in this unit group operate single function machines or machinery that is part of a larger production process to process mineral ore and metal products. They are employed in mineral ore and metal processing plants such as copper, lead and zinc refineries, uranium processing plants, steel mills, aluminum plants, precious metal refineries and cement processing plants. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Document Use, Problem Solving

This unit group includes workers who make foundry moulds and cores by hand or machine, cast molten metal, and operate furnaces in the foundry industry. They are employed by metal foundries and foundry departments of metal products manufacturing companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Measurement and Calculation, Oral Communication, Problem Solving, Scheduling or Budgeting and Accounting

Machine operators in this unit group operate multi-function process control machinery or single function machines to melt, form, cut or finish flat glass, glassware, bottles and other glass products. Glass cutters cut flat glass of various thicknesses to specified sizes and shapes by hand. They are employed by glass and glass products manufacturing companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving

This unit group included workers who cast and finish concrete products, operate machines to extrude, mould, press and bake clay products, and operate machines to cut and finish stone products. They are employed by concrete, clay and stone products manufacturing companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving

Inspectors and testers in this unit group inspect, grade, sample or test raw materials and products from mineral ore and metal processing operations. They are employed in mineral ore and metal processing plants such as copper, lead and zinc refineries, uranium processing plants, steel mills, aluminum plants, precious metal refineries, cement processing plants, clay, glass and stone processing plants and foundries. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Oral Communication

Chemical plant machine operators monitor and operate units and machinery to blend, mix, process and package a wide range of specialty chemicals, pharmaceuticals, cleaning and toiletry products. They are primarily employed in chemical, cleaning compound, ink and adhesive industries, but may also be employed by chemical processing departments in other industries. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Measurement and Calculation, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Plastics processing machine operators set up and operate plastic mixing, calendering, extruding and moulding processing machines used in the manufacture of plastic parts and plastic products. They are employed by plastic products manufacturing companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Measurement and Calculation, Oral Communication, Problem Solving

Workers in this unit group operate rubber processing machinery and assemble and inspect rubber products. They are employed by tire manufacturers and other rubber products manufacturing companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Problem Solving

Water plant operators monitor and operate computerized control systems and related equipment in water filtration and treatment plants to regulate the treatment and distribution of water. Waste plant operators monitor and operate computerized control systems and related equipment in waste water, sewage treatment and liquid waste plants to regulate the treatment and disposal of sewage and wastes. They are employed by municipal government, industries and institutions. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Problem Solving

Sawmill machine operators operate, monitor and control automated lumber mill equipment to saw timber logs into rough lumber; saw, trim and plane rough lumber into dressed lumber of various sizes; and saw or split shingles and shakes. They are employed in sawmills and planing mills. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Measurement and Calculation, Problem Solving

Pulp mill machine operators operate and monitor various types of processing machinery and equipment to produce pulp. They are employed by pulp and paper companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Data Analysis, Decision Making, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving

Papermaking and finishing machine operators operate process machinery and equipment and assist papermaking and coating control operators to produce, coat and finish paper. They are employed by pulp and paper companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Computer Use, Data Analysis, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation

Wood processing machine operators in this unit group operate and tend wood processing equipment and machines to remove bark from logs, produce wood chips, preserve and treat wood, and produce waferboards, particle boards, hardboards, insulation boards, plywood, veneers and similar wood products. They are employed in sawmills, woodrooms of pulp mills, planing mills, wood treatment plants, waferboard plants and other wood processing plants. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation

Paper converting machine operators operate various machines which fabricate and assemble paper products such as bags, containers, boxes, envelopes and similar articles. They are employed by paper products manufacturing companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Measurement and Calculation

Lumber graders and other wood processing inspectors and graders inspect and grade lumber, shingles, veneer, waferboard and similar wood products to identify defects, ensure conformance to company specifications and classify products according to industry standards. They are employed by sawmills, planing mills, wood treatment plants, waferboard plants and other wood processing companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Decision Making, Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation

Textile fibre and yarn preparation machine operators operate machines to prepare textile fibres or to spin, wind or twist yarn or thread. They are employed by textile companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Measurement and Calculation, Problem Solving

Operators in this unit group operate machines to process yarn or thread into woven, non-woven and knitted products such as cloth, lace, carpets, rope, industrial fabric, hosiery and knitted garments or to quilt and embroider fabric. This unit group also includes workers who perform activities such as reproducing patterns, drawing-in and tying warps and setting up looms. They are employed by textile companies and by garment and mattress manufacturing companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Oral Communication, Working with Others

Textile dyeing and finishing machine operators operate machines to bleach, dye or finish yarn, thread, cloth or textile products. They are employed by textile manufacturing companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Numerical Estimation, Problem Solving

Textile inspectors, graders and samplers prepare samples and inspect and grade textile products. They are employed by textile companies. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Measurement and Calculation, Oral Communication

Sewing machine operators operate sewing machines to sew fabric, fur, leather or synthetic materials to produce or repair garments or other articles. They are employed in clothing, footwear, textile products, fur products and other manufacturing establishments and by furriers. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Measurement and Calculation, Problem Solving

Fabric cutters cut fabric to make parts for garments, linens and other articles. Fur cutters cut fur pelts to make parts for garments and other fur articles. Leather cutters cut leather to make parts for shoes, garments and other leather articles. Fabric cutters are employed by clothing and textile manufacturers and other manufacturers of fabric products. Fur cutters are employed by furriers and fur products manufacturers. Leather cutters are employed by shoe and other leather products manufacturers. The most important Essential Skills for this occupation are: Document Use, Measurement and Calculation